Crane is a material handling tool used to lift goods or objects horizontally. In general, these cranes are widely used in the construction of high-rise buildings. On large projects, we often encounter these cranes.
The machine of a crane consists of a wire driven by many pulleys and can get the job done better than using human labor.
As for the type of crane consists of several types and have their respective functions. The following is an explanation of the types of cranes and their functions:
1. Tower Crane
The first type of crane is a tower crane. This tower has a function to facilitate construction time by lifting various materials to build tall buildings. Usually, the use of tower cranes by implementing a rental system.
The shape of this crane resembles a tower that stands upright and can reach a height of about 100 meters above the ground. The way it works, the material you want to lift is attached to the hook at the end of the crane. After that the material is removed and placed precisely where it is needed.
2. Mobile Crane
A mobile crane is a hydraulic-powered crane with a telescoping boom mounted on a carrier truck. The shape of this crane is like a truck that is installed to lift the material to be lifted and placed in place according to user needs.
The way these mobile cranes work is divided into two, namely the top and the bottom. The two sections are connected vertically by a rotary plate with the main mast of the crane supported to balance the lifting load. After that, the material is removed.
The characteristics of a mobile crane are a foundation that can be attached while operating so that the crane is maintained in balance. In addition, this mobile crane can rotate 360 degrees.
3. Crawler Crane
The third type of crane is a crawler crane. The crawler crane has a function to carry out material lifting and transportation because it does not use an outrigger. In addition, this type of crane can also lift materials with large capacities and move in difficult or extreme terrain.
The workings of this crane lift the required material and direct it to the place where this material is needed. The parts contained in this crawler crane are wheels, superstructure, counterweight, jib, mast, and pulley.
4. Hydraulics Crane
This type of crane is useful for lifting materials in areas such as warehouses or ports. This type of crane lifts the required material and places it where it is needed.
This crane can also work by rotating around 180 degrees. The material to be lifted is hooked to a pulley at the end of the crane and directed by an operator. This hydraulic crane uses a simple structure using an oil and air system.
5. Hoist Crane
Hoist crane has a function to move material from one point to another. By using a hoist crane, it can make the job easier and complete quickly.
The way this type of crane works is so that the material you want to move is hooked up to the end of the pulley and then lifted and placed at the point needed. The characteristic of a hoist crane is that it has quite high legs with a specially designed container hoist.
6. Jib Crane
A type of crane that can lift materials weighing 30 pounds to 100 tons from one point to another. This type of crane can also rotate 360 degrees. In addition, this jib crane supports the hoist moving line fixed on the wall.
The type of crane is divided into two, namely, post jib and wall jib. And the way the jib crane works is to rotate the roller drum and connect it to a pulley to be attached to the hook and put the material you want to move.
7. EOT Crane
EOT crane stands for electric overhead traveling. The function of this crane is for materials with a load of 20 tons to 500 tons. It can be used indoors or outdoors.
In addition, this type of crane consists of two types, namely, double girder and single girder. The cranes for EOT cranes are driven by electric power.
The shape is uniquely designed, such as a high floor so that the operator can go up to the top to see the movement and lifting of the material you want to move.
Well, that’s an explanation of several types of cranes that are commonly used to help lift material from one point to another. The selection of the use of this type of crane returns to the needs of operators and project workers which makes it easier to work. Because each crane has its own advantages and disadvantages.
As for crane maintenance that can be done is to check all moving components, visually inspect each component and the wiring that connects the device, check free rotation and also check the boom in terms of perpendicular angles. Crane maintenance is also needed in order to extend the life of the crane itself.